Num28-30
Msg: Num: 28
Days and Weeks
During creation week, Yahweh defined a day as beginning and ending with sundown and that is how Jews view a day today. There was darkness and then light. First there was chaos, and then there was order. We were dead in our sins, but raised to life in Yeshua. In six days He created and on the seventh He rested, so seven days completed a week. The seventh day, the Shabbat,or Sabbath, is a day set apart, and is a day of rest. Sacrifices were to be offered to Yahweh in the morning and evening each day (Num. 28:1-8) and additional sacrifices were to be made on the Sabbath.
Msg: Num: 28
Days and Weeks
During creation week, Yahweh defined a day as beginning and ending with sundown and that is how Jews view a day today. There was darkness and then light. First there was chaos, and then there was order. We were dead in our sins, but raised to life in Yeshua. In six days He created and on the seventh He rested, so seven days completed a week. The seventh day, the Shabbat,or Sabbath, is a day set apart, and is a day of rest. Sacrifices were to be offered to Yahweh in the morning and evening each day (Num. 28:1-8) and additional sacrifices were to be made on the Sabbath.
Overview of the Seven Feasts: Leviticus 23, Exodus 12:37a, Numbers 28:16-29:40
Here we finally get to outlining the feasts! They are broken up naturally into two groups: four spring feasts and three fall feasts.
“These are the feasts (appointed times) of the Lord, holy convocations, which ye shall proclaim in their seasons.” (Lev. 23:4, KJV)
Here we finally get to outlining the feasts! They are broken up naturally into two groups: four spring feasts and three fall feasts.
“These are the feasts (appointed times) of the Lord, holy convocations, which ye shall proclaim in their seasons.” (Lev. 23:4, KJV)
Spring:
Pesach (Passover): Nisan 14
Hag HaMatzah (Feast of Unleavened Bread): Nisan 15 - 21
Sfirat HaOmer (First Fruits): Day after Sabbath after Passover
Shavuot (Feast of Weeks / Pentecost): 50th day after First Fruits
Fall:
Rosh HaShanah (Feast of Trumpets): Tishri 1
Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement): Tishri 10
Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles / Ingathering): Tishri 15 - 22
Other:
Hanukkah (Feast of Dedication) Kislev 25 – Tebeth 3
Purim (Feast of Lots): Adar 14
Tisha B'Av (Ninth of Av) Av 9
The seven feasts are the only holidays that Yahweh commanded His people to celebrate. Since He instituted them, they hold deep significance. They form a type of prophetic calendar for His redemptive plan, as we will see over the next several weeks. Again, seven speaks of completion. Very briefly, the spring feasts have found fulfillment with Yeshua's first coming and the fall feasts will find their fulfillment in His second coming. The Shabbat is also closely linked with them in that there is a Sabbath theme that ties them all together. For instance, the Shabbat is a day that is set apart from the rest and is a holy day. Likewise these appointed times are sanctified by Yahweh and are set apart as holy convocations for His people, and His people only, who He has Himself set apart from the rest of the world (Deut. 32:8-9)
A couple other themes associated to them are agricultural. First Fruits marked the early spring harvest of barley and Shavuot marked the latter spring harvest of wheat. Likewise, the Feast of Tabernacles was a time for giving thanks for the final (fall) harvest. The Puritans likely modeled Thanksgiving after this feast.
As Gentile believers, we are grafted into the nation of Israel (Romans 11) and are “equal sharers in the rich root of the olive tree” (Romans 11:17, CJB). Therefore we are invited to observe these feasts as they are part of the roots of (spiritual) Israel. Since Yeshua did not come to abolish the Torah, I believe we should celebrate these feasts (without sacrificing lambs, rams, goats, calves, and bulls of course), and that they will be a source of blessing. It is a little unfair to say that we should observe the feasts before we actually find out what they are and symbolize. We can have a more intelligent discussion on that later, but what are your thoughts on this idea?
Pesach (Passover): Nisan 14
Hag HaMatzah (Feast of Unleavened Bread): Nisan 15 - 21
Sfirat HaOmer (First Fruits): Day after Sabbath after Passover
Shavuot (Feast of Weeks / Pentecost): 50th day after First Fruits
Fall:
Rosh HaShanah (Feast of Trumpets): Tishri 1
Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement): Tishri 10
Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles / Ingathering): Tishri 15 - 22
Other:
Hanukkah (Feast of Dedication) Kislev 25 – Tebeth 3
Purim (Feast of Lots): Adar 14
Tisha B'Av (Ninth of Av) Av 9
The seven feasts are the only holidays that Yahweh commanded His people to celebrate. Since He instituted them, they hold deep significance. They form a type of prophetic calendar for His redemptive plan, as we will see over the next several weeks. Again, seven speaks of completion. Very briefly, the spring feasts have found fulfillment with Yeshua's first coming and the fall feasts will find their fulfillment in His second coming. The Shabbat is also closely linked with them in that there is a Sabbath theme that ties them all together. For instance, the Shabbat is a day that is set apart from the rest and is a holy day. Likewise these appointed times are sanctified by Yahweh and are set apart as holy convocations for His people, and His people only, who He has Himself set apart from the rest of the world (Deut. 32:8-9)
A couple other themes associated to them are agricultural. First Fruits marked the early spring harvest of barley and Shavuot marked the latter spring harvest of wheat. Likewise, the Feast of Tabernacles was a time for giving thanks for the final (fall) harvest. The Puritans likely modeled Thanksgiving after this feast.
As Gentile believers, we are grafted into the nation of Israel (Romans 11) and are “equal sharers in the rich root of the olive tree” (Romans 11:17, CJB). Therefore we are invited to observe these feasts as they are part of the roots of (spiritual) Israel. Since Yeshua did not come to abolish the Torah, I believe we should celebrate these feasts (without sacrificing lambs, rams, goats, calves, and bulls of course), and that they will be a source of blessing. It is a little unfair to say that we should observe the feasts before we actually find out what they are and symbolize. We can have a more intelligent discussion on that later, but what are your thoughts on this idea?
Months and Years
This part gets tricky. There is evidence that the number of days in a month and year have changed at least twice in the past. Once was during the Flood and the next was during Isaiah's day (Is. 38:8) in the 8th century BC, when the sun reversed ten degrees. Details are in [1]. Between these two events it is believed that a month (moon) was exactly 30 days and a year was exactly 360 days. As a result there is a lunar aspect to measuring time. There are two ways of doing this that we will discuss. There is the Biblical or prophetic way of measuring time and the practical way that Jews use to this day.
The Biblical or prophetic model has 30 days per month and 12 months governing a year, making 360 days per year. If Cramer is right, this was the Jewish measure of time for centuries. Today, though, there is a more complicated system since a lunar month is about 29.53 days and a solar year is about 365.24 days.
This part gets tricky. There is evidence that the number of days in a month and year have changed at least twice in the past. Once was during the Flood and the next was during Isaiah's day (Is. 38:8) in the 8th century BC, when the sun reversed ten degrees. Details are in [1]. Between these two events it is believed that a month (moon) was exactly 30 days and a year was exactly 360 days. As a result there is a lunar aspect to measuring time. There are two ways of doing this that we will discuss. There is the Biblical or prophetic way of measuring time and the practical way that Jews use to this day.
The Biblical or prophetic model has 30 days per month and 12 months governing a year, making 360 days per year. If Cramer is right, this was the Jewish measure of time for centuries. Today, though, there is a more complicated system since a lunar month is about 29.53 days and a solar year is about 365.24 days.
The Hebrew word for month, hodesh, is the same as the word for moon. In the Jewish calendar a new moon begins a new month, which is either 29 or 30 days. Since twelve months fall short of a solar year, there are occasional leap years in which there are thirteen months. The modern Jewish calendar is based on a 19-year cycle in which the 3rd, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th, and 19th years are leap (pregnant) years. The twelve months are:
1. Nisan (March-April)
2. Iyyar (April-May)
3. Sivan (May-June)
4. Tammuz (June-July)
5. Ab (July-August)
6. Elul (August-September)
7. Tishri (September-October)
8. Marchesvan (October-November)
9. Chisleu (Kislev) (November-December)
10. Tebeth (December-January)
11. Shebat (January-February)
12. Adar I (in leap years)
13. Adar (II) (February-March)
Before the Exodus, the first month of the year was Tishri, and even to today, that day marks the beginning of the civic year. On the 1st of Tishri, the number of the year is incremented. Currently we are in year 5766. Jewish tradition (Talmud) says that on the 1st of Tishri in year 1, Yahweh created Adam.
In Biblical times two witnesses were required to view the crescent of the new moon before the new month could be announced by the Sanhedrin. The first day of the month, Rosh Hodesh, literally “Head of the Month,” was declared a holy day. You may recall New Moon festivals mentioned in Scripture. See Psalm 81:1-5, Numbers 10:10. Special sacrifices were to be offered on this day (Num. 28: 11-15). During the Millenial reign of Yeshua, King David will rank belowYeshua as prince and will lead the Shabbat and Rosh Hodesh services (Ez. 34:23-24, 37:24-25, 46: 1-8).
1. Nisan (March-April)
2. Iyyar (April-May)
3. Sivan (May-June)
4. Tammuz (June-July)
5. Ab (July-August)
6. Elul (August-September)
7. Tishri (September-October)
8. Marchesvan (October-November)
9. Chisleu (Kislev) (November-December)
10. Tebeth (December-January)
11. Shebat (January-February)
12. Adar I (in leap years)
13. Adar (II) (February-March)
Before the Exodus, the first month of the year was Tishri, and even to today, that day marks the beginning of the civic year. On the 1st of Tishri, the number of the year is incremented. Currently we are in year 5766. Jewish tradition (Talmud) says that on the 1st of Tishri in year 1, Yahweh created Adam.
In Biblical times two witnesses were required to view the crescent of the new moon before the new month could be announced by the Sanhedrin. The first day of the month, Rosh Hodesh, literally “Head of the Month,” was declared a holy day. You may recall New Moon festivals mentioned in Scripture. See Psalm 81:1-5, Numbers 10:10. Special sacrifices were to be offered on this day (Num. 28: 11-15). During the Millenial reign of Yeshua, King David will rank belowYeshua as prince and will lead the Shabbat and Rosh Hodesh services (Ez. 34:23-24, 37:24-25, 46: 1-8).